2025年北京卷
A
(一)下列每个图片代表一处旅游目的地，请根据人物的旅行计划匹配最适合的图片，并将图片所对应的选项(A、B、C、D)填在相应位置上，其中一个选项为多余选项。
21.____ Tina
I want to travel to Africa and see the animals. I’d love to take lots of photos of elephants, giraffes and other animals. I’d like to try sleeping in a tent in the wild.
22.____ Kevin
I’d like to go to North America. I love to walk in forests, climb trees and hike in the mountains. perhaps I could go birdwatching, too. I enjoy exploring nature.
23.____ Nancy
I’ve decided to tour Australia with my family. My plan is to go to the beach, swim in the sea and sit in the sun. Also, we’re going to play volleyball on the beach.
B
When I was young, flowers filled my mom’s garden each spring. I never thought that Mom had done much
about them behind the scenes (在幕后), until she shared her secret with me.
One day last November, Mom and I spent a whole morning planting flower bulbs. I dropped one in each hole and covered it over with soil. My fingers were numb (麻木的) by the time we finished. However, the ground looked just as flower bulb empty and flat as it had been before. Then Mom told me to wait. I didn’t only wait—I watched. I watched hopefully all through the winter...
On the last day of April, I went outside to find the garden full of colorful flowers. Our hard work paid off.
“My boy, tomorrow morning, ”Mom said, “we will walk the neighborhood and leave a basket of flowers on each doorstep.”
“What?”I almost cried. “Are we selling our flowers?”
“Of course not,” she said excitedly. “In fact, nobody will even know they’re from us. Well leave them at our neighbors’ as a surprise. Doesn’t that sound fun?”
“To me, it doesn’t sound fun at all!” I replied unwillingly. “They’re our flowers. We should keep them for ourselves!”
“Flowers are like kindness,” Mom said. “Their beauty is meant to be shared.”
Early the next morning, Mom woke me up. We brought the baskets and stopped near the first house. I took one basket, set it by the doorstep and rang the bell. Then we quickly ran away, ducked behind the trees and waited.
Finally, the door opened. A man came out, looking surprised. He picked up the flower basket and then smiled. Mom hugged me. I got a good feeling inside. Now I knew what she meant about beauty sharing. I couldn’t wait to get to the next house!
By the time we got home, I was grinning (咧着嘴笑) from ear to ear, The garden was empty, but my heart was-full.
24. How did the writer feel when he watched the garden during the winter?
A. Empty. B. Excited. C. Hopeful. D. Bored.
25. What happened to the baskets of flowers in the end?
A. They were sold for pocket money. B. They were given to the neighbors.
C. They were collected for recycling. D. They were put up on a flower show.
26. What made the writer’s heart full?
A. The joy of spreading kindness.
B. The excitement of growing flowers.
C. The honor of helping people in need.
D. The happiness of getting close to nature.
C
Imagine a robot. What comes to your mind first? A machine stronger than the human body? However, this same quality is now causing a big problem—it’s creating tons of long-lasting e-waste that could flood our planet.
What if, instead, the machines we use were designed to break down and disappear—just as living things do?
For a study published in science Advances, researchers made a robotic arm and a controller using materials from animals and plants. These materials are strong enough to work but can easily break down in a natural environment. After testing, both parts were gone in soil within weeks.
Biodegradable (可生物降解的) robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics, which takes ideas from nature. “This field started in materials science and chemistry rather than traditional robots that come from mechanical (机械的) engineering,” says Florian Hartmann, a materials scientist from Germany. However, many early soft robotics models still used man-made materials that cause pollution.
Wei, a scientist who studies natural materials in Hangzhou, worked together with his friend Zhang, a robotics engineer in Shanghai, to build robots for the new study. They started with cellulose (纤维素) taken from cotton. Then, they added glycerol (甘油) to make a new material that is soft and easy to change shapes. After that they allowed it to dry so it became strong. “Cellulose is cheap and easy to work with,” says Wei. They found that the controller and the robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity. Finally, they buried (埋) them both in a hole. Within eight weeks these two parts were almost completely gone.
Wei and Zhang expect that robots like these can be used to deal with dangerous waste and then disappear naturally. They also hope that such robots can aid doctors in operations and then safely break down inside the body.
However, it’s important to note that the technology is still in very early stages. “If we truly want to have a biodegradable robot,” Hartmann says, “we also need to make sure its electronics and power parts are biodegradable.”
What is special about the robotic arm and the controller in paragraph 2?
A. They are green. B. They are hard.
C. They are intelligent. D. They are affordable.
What is mentioned in Paragraph 5 about soft robots?
A. Their operation. B. Their applications.
C. Their challenges. D. Their performance.
What can we learn from the passage?
A. Soft robots are widely used to clean up e-waste.
B. Soft robots have to rest for a week after heavy use.
C. The designing of soft robots borrows ideas from nature.
D. Mechanical engineering offers new ways to run soft robots.
D
People are talking a lot about artificial intelligence (AI), viewing it as a force that could reshape how society works. But there is something important missing from this discussion. It isn’t enough to ask how it will change us. We also need to understand how we shape AI and what it can tell us about ourselves.
Every AI model we develop mirrors our rules and expresses our beliefs. A few years ago, while looking for new workers, a famous company gave up an AI-powered tool after finding it unfavorable to women. The AI was not designed to behave this way; instead, it was influenced by the historical data (数据) favoring men. Similarly, a recent study found that lending algorithms (算法) often offer less favorable terms to colored people, worsening long-standing unfairness in money-lending business. In both cases, AI isn’t creating new biases (偏见); it is mirroring the ones that are already present.
These reflections (反映) give us an important chance to take a close look at ourselves. By making these problems seen and more pressing, AI challenges us to recognize and address what causes algorithmic bias. As AI continues to develop, we must ask ourselves how we as average people want to shape its role in society. We should not only improve AI models, but also make sure that AI is developed and used responsibly.
A number of companies are already taking action. They are judging the data, rules, and beliefs that shape the behavior of AI models. Still, we cannot expect the companies to do all the work. As long as AI is trained on human data, it will reflect human behavior. That means we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world. I may value privacy, but if I give it up in a heartbeat to visit a website, the algorithms may make a very different judgment of what I really want and what is good for me. If I want meaningful human connections yet spend more time on social media and less time in the physical company of my friends, I am indirectly training AI models about the true nature of humanity.
As AI becomes more powerful, we need to take increasing care to read our principles (原则) into the record of our actions rather than allowing the two to diverge. Recognizing this allows us to make better decisions, but only when we are prepared to look closely and take responsibility for what we see.
Why does the writer introduce the two examples in Paragraph 2?
A. To suggest a solution.
B. To stress a difference.
C. To challenge a practice.
D. To support a viewpoint.
What does the word “diverge” in the last paragraph most probably mean?
A. Improve. B. Appear. C. Separate. D. Repeat.
According to the passage, what is-a good example of shaping AI responsibly?
A. Guarding one’s privacy against AI models.
B. Being mindful of our feeds into AI models.
C. Training algorithms to favor the latest data.
D. Designing algorithms to deal with unfairness.
Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. AI Isn’t the Problem; We Are
B. AI: A Tool to Reshape Our Society
C. More Open Algorithms for Better AI?
D. Building Trust in Human-AI Relationships
2024年北京卷
A
Popular stores
A. White’s
White’s is a place for fruit lovers. In this store, you’ll find different kinds of fruits. They are all grown on our local farms and sold at low prices.
B. William’s
William’s is in a beautiful new building The store sells fresh food. It also makes tasty cakes and cookies to take away—great for celebrations!
C. Parker’s
This store offers women’s clothes. Many of them are made from natural materials. There’s also an area selling beautiful handmade hats.
D. Brown’s
This store is popular for its shoes at fair prices. And it is always the first in town to offer children’s clothing in new designs.
_21__ Helen：Mother’s Day is coming. I’d like to buy a beautiful hat for my mom I’m sure she will like it.
_22__ Peter：Mary and I will hold a birthday party for our friend, Lucy. So, I need to buy a big cake and some cookies for the party.
__23 _ Mark： My grandpa likes doing morning exercise in the park. I want to buy him a pair of sports shoes as a gift.
B
The school year began. As president of the recycling club, Scott was thinking about new activities to encourage other students to become more enthusiastic (热心的) about recycling. His club had helped to recycle a lot of waste for the past five years and he hoped that this year they would do even better.
Scott went home one day and looked online, hoping to find ideas for events the club could organize at school. During his research, he learned that the amount (数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly. Scott was upset with himself for not noticing this problem sooner. At that moment, he began to develop a plan.
“There is a special project I want us to work on this term,” Scott announced (宣布) at the recycling club meeting the next day. “We have all heard about e-waste, but recently I learned about the bad effects it’s having on our environment.” He went on to tell the club members that he wanted them to organize an e-waste drive—a day when students and their families could drop off unwanted electronics to be recycled. “Now let’s get to work!”
For several weeks, the recycling club was busy preparing for the upcoming e-waste drive, or e-drive as it was soon called.
The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous. He and the other members arrived at school early to make sure that everything would go smoothly. Everyone waited eagerly, hoping that students of the school would take part in the event.
It wasn’t long before the first cars pulled into the school parking lot. After a while, more people arrived. Phones, TV sets, computers and keyboards soon began piling up (堆积) .
At the end of the event, Scott heard someone suggest that the school should have an e-drive event every term. Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence.
24.What did Scott learn during his research online?
A.Students are enthusiastic about recycling. B.There is a lot of waste recycled every year.
C.The amount of e-waste is increasing rapidly. D.There are many recycling clubs in the country.
25.How did Scott feel at first on that big day?
A.Proud. B.Upset. C.Excited. D.Nervous.
26.What did Scott realize at the end of the e-drive event?
A.Environmental problems could be solved. B.A simple action could bring a long- term effect.
C.Teamwork is valuable for the success of events. D.Family members are interested in school activities.
C
Sam Hill is really bad at finding his way from place to place. The world is full of people like Hill—and their opposites, who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go. It has proved hard to explain why. However, with the development of technology, there’s new excitement happening in the research world.
An experiment was carried out in 2022 to find out what might influence way finding ability. Researchers developed an online game in which players travel by boat to find where a lot of checkpoints lie. The game asked players to provide basic background information , and nearly four million people worldwide did so. through the game, the researchers were able to judge navigational (辨识方向的) ability by looking at how far each person traveled to reach all the checkpoints. Then they compared players’ performance with their background information.
The researchers found that Northern Europeans seemed to be better navigations, perhaps because they love orienteering (定向越野), a sport which involves cross- country running and navigation. And those from cities with more disorganized street networks (网状系统) did better than those from cities with orderly ones. Perhaps people of planned cities don’t need to build complex (复杂的) maps in their minds.
Research results like these suggest that people’s life experience decides how well they find their way. In fact, experience may even explain a popular belief that men are more likely to perform better than women. It turns out that this difference is more a question of culture and experience than of in born ability. Northern Europeans, for example, show almost no gender (性别) difference in navigation. However, men do much better than women in places where women face cultural limits on exploring their environment on their own.
That finding is also supported by studies on the Tsimane, a community living in a forest in South America. Researchers put GPS units on 305 Tsimane people to check their daily movements over a three-day period, and found no difference between men and women in navigational ability. Even children performed very well—a result, researchers think, of growing up in an environment that encourages children to explore the forest.
27.Why was an experiment carried out in 2022?
A.To develop an online way finding game.
B.To improve the players’ way finding ability.
C.To pick out people who are weak in way finding.
D.To find out why people are different in way finding ability.
28.According to the passage, who is probably the best at finding their way?
A.A woman who often explores nature.
B.A girl who studies South American culture.
C.A man who runs on a sports ground every morning.
D.A boy who lives in a city with an orderly street network.
29.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Good navigators are mostly made, not born.
B.Navigation skills differ between the genders.
C.Navigation skills are passed down, never lost.
D.Good navigators bring developments in technology.
D
Almost everyone has experienced the feeling of discomfort when their actions do not agree with their inner values. A man, for example, values work-life balance yet works 80 hours every week, caring little about his own health and family. Another example is a boy who holds his parents’ love dear but gets angry at them in a moment of stress; or a woman who hopes to live healthily but gives in to the attraction of fast food during moments of weakness.
This disagreement can lead to serious results, such as worsening relationships, limited personal growth, and self-doubt. The emotional effects of feeling out of control and unable to live up to our own standards can also be deeply harmful. The shame and upset that go along with these feelings often force us into silence, resulting in more self-doubt. One reason for this silence might be that admitting (承认) to these behaviors can feel like showing a weakness or mistake that society tells us should be kept hidden. What’s more, recognizing this disagreement requires coming face to face with uncomfortable truths about ourselves—a process that is as discouraging as it is necessary for growth.
Recognizing and addressing these behaviors can provide a possibility of change. By looking into the causes of our behaviors, we can begin to understand our actions more easily and work toward sticking to our beliefs. Research supports the idea that recognizing this disagreement, together with mindfulness and open communication, can help with this process. These methods help us slow down, reflect (反思), and choose behaviors that follow our values more closely, even in the face of old habits or immediate needs.
The key to dealing with this disagreement lies in compassion (同情) for ourselves and others. By developing a culture of openness and by understanding the challenges of aligning behaviors with beliefs, we can begin to break down what prevents us from having conversation and change. Admitting that this disagreement is a shared part of the human experience can enable us to speak openly, find support, and take necessary steps toward the agreement between our inner world and our actions.
While the disagreement between our inner values and actions may be common, through reflection, understanding and purposeful practice, we can bridge the divide and set out on a journey of self-discovery.
30.Why does the writer use the examples in paragraph 1?
A.To stress an unavoidable need. B.To show a result of the wrong values.
C.To describe a common human experience. D.To introduce a change in people’s relationships.
31.What does the word “aligning” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A.Matching. B.Comparing. C.Mixing. D.Confusing.
32.Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with?
A.Discomfort forces us to give up our beliefs.
B.Our behaviors weaken our understandings of life.
C.Open communication makes it possible for us to change.
D.Keeping silent allows us time to live up to our standards.
33.What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To encourage people to stay true to their beliefs.
B.To prove the importance of having the right values.
C.To compare different ways to deal with discomfort.
D.To discuss the influence of people’s improper actions.
2023年北京卷
A
Short Art Courses
A.Wild Art
This course is about drawing and painting. You 'll use your new skills to make a wall poster of animals. And we ’ve got lots of picture books to give you ideas.
B.Art Matters
This course teaches you different drawing skills. We 'll get you to draw the latest styles of clothes. If you like designing clothes and want to study it at college , join us!
C.Creative Art
This course is about making bags to keep your sports clothes in. We provide lots of materials. And you ’ll visit art museums to get some creative ideas.
D.Art Magic
This course is about telling good stories in pictures. There 'll be cartoon films to watch. and
instruction in how to draw your favorite characters.
21. ________ I'm interested in designing clothes and want to study it at college.
Alice
22. ________ I enjoy making wall posters of animals and I’d like to read picture books.
Tony
23. ________ I like making hags and want to visit art museums to get creative ideas.
Harry
B
Betty was excited to show her brother David the basket filled with seashells. But David was busy helping Dad get everything back into the car. “What are you going to do with those useless things? ”he said. “You can ’t take them home. ”
“But I want these seashells, ”Betty said unhappily. “Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special. ”
Suddenly, David saw the water rising along the beach. He shouted to Betty, “The waves (海浪 )are about to take your toys! ”As Betty ran to get her things, she called to David, “Please put my seashells into the car! ”
David was putting one of the beach chairs into the car when his foot accidentally knocked over the basket. As David lifted a heavy box, he slipped (滑倒 )and dropped the box right on top of the seashells, breaking most of them into pieces.
Betty came back with her toys. When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry. David started to pick up the seashells and place them carefully back into the basket.
Dad tried to explain to Betty that it was an accident. But Betty was still upset. David also felt sad. He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea.
The next morning David waited for Betty with the basket of seashells and some strong glue. He also had a framed (装框的 )photo of the two of them. together they looked through the basket and found several seashells that were not broken and could still be used. Then they glued the seashells to the frame.
“I’m really sorry, Betty. ”David said. “Yesterday I was very careless with something special to you. ”
Betty looked at her brother and smiled. “You ’re the best big brother ever! ”
24. What did Betty think of the seashells?
A. Clean. B. Useless. C. Expensive. D. Special.
25. Betty began to cry when ________ .
A. she slipped and hurt herself B. she knocked over the basket
C. she saw the broken seashells D. she told her dad about the accident
26. David glued the seashells to the frame to ________ .
A. make it up to his sister B. develop his painting skill
C. prepare a gift for his dad D. make the picture beautiful
C
Do you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste? according to the United Nations (UN), every year around the world, about one billion (十亿 )tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry. simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger .In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO 2),which speeds up climate (气候 ) change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem?
One effective solution is balancing food production with demand (需求 ).In hotels and other similar places, special instruments should be used so that cooking specialists just prepare and cook food as it is ordered.
Another effective solution is starting programs to reduce (减少 )food waste. Stores and buyers can try their best to be creative in food waste reduction. For example, stores can provide customers with instructions telling them how to make full use of food. Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality (质量 ).
Sometimes, the food of non-top quality is also good enough to eat, or can be bought and then used to make delicious dishes.
One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. challenging as it is, the use of meal plans in preparing food can play an important role in ending food waste in the family.
Food recycling is one of the known solutions. Efforts are now already in progress. Food that is not safe for humans to eat is recycled into other products such as animal feeds and clothing. Yet, there is still along way to go and much for improvement in this area.
In a word, food waste has been one of the biggest problems in the world that have influenced us greatly. Many solutions have been found and many more are yet to be worked out. If each of us can put in more efforts ,food waste is sure to be reduced for the good of our future.
27. According to the passage, what is a possible result of food waste?
A. The problem of worldwide hunger. B. A big increase in food production.
C. The speed-up of climate change. D. A sudden drop in population.
28. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Food recycling has been hugely successful. B. Buyers should give up non-top quality food.
C. Stores should train people to make delicious dishes. D. Meal plans in the family are hard to put into practice.
29. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Benefits of reducing food waste. B. Solutions to the food waste problem.
C. The importance of fighting food waste. D. The attitude to the food waste problem.
D
When considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldn’t have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet evening.
Pleasure is an important part of the quality of life, but by itself it doesn’t bring happiness. When people think further about what makes a worthy life, they tend (倾向 于 )to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap (有重叠 )pleasurable ones but fall into a group with a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events take place when people have not only satisfied a need or met some earlier expectation, but also achieved something unexpected.
Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one ’s ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in anew light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say. “That really was fun ”and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown.
Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different. For example, everybody takes pleasure in eating. However, to enjoys food is more difficult — you have to pay enough attention to a meal, so as to sense and tell its various tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any
psychic energy ,while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, as long as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激 ).But it’s impossible to enjoy a tennis game or a book without full attention. It’s for this reason that pleasure does not last long, nor does it make us grow. Growth
requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging.
Without enjoyment, life will go on, and it can even be pleasant. But it depends heavily on luck and the external (外部的 )environment. To achieve personal control over the quality of experience, however, we need to learn how to build enjoyment into what happens day in, day out.
30. You will most probably experience enjoyment when you ________ .
A. buy expensive shoes B. order a delicious meal
C. talk with friends for new ideas D. sit quietly in front of a television
31. What do you know about pleasure and enjoyment from the passage?
A. Enjoyment grows out of pleasure.
B. Pleasure and enjoyment come hand in hand.
C. Pleasurable experiences are part of enjoyable ones.
D. Some experiences provide both pleasure and enjoyment.
32. The words “psychic energy ”in paragraph 4are closest in meaning to ________ .
A. attention B. interest C. ability D. knowledge
33 .The writer probably agrees that ________ .
A. feeling pleasure stops people from achieving growth
B. feeling enjoyment comes with achieving growth
C. a worthy life depends on luck and environment
D. pleasure is the key to a happy and worthy life
答案解析：
2025年北京卷
A
根据Tina的描述“I want to travel to Africa and see the animals. I’d love to take lots of photos of elephants, giraffes and other animals.”，可知她想去非洲看动物，拍大象、长颈鹿等动物的照片，D图片中有长颈鹿等动物，符合Tina的需求，所以选D。
根据Kevin所说“I’d like to go to North America. I love to walk in forests, climb trees and hike in the mountains.”，可知他想去北美，喜欢在森林里散步、爬树和在山里徒步，B图片展现了森林和山的场景，符合Kevin的计划，所以选B。
根据Nancy的话“I’ve decided to tour Australia with my family. My plan is to go to the beach, swim in the sea and sit in the sun. Also, we’re going to play volleyball on the beach.”，可知她打算和家人去澳大利亚旅游，计划去海滩、在海里游泳、晒太阳并在海滩打排球，C图片呈现了海滩场景，符合Nancy的安排，所以选C。
B
24. 根据文中“I watched hopefully all through the winter...”可知，作者在整个冬天都满怀希望地观察着花园，所以选 C。
25. 根据文中“we will walk the neighborhood and leave a basket of flowers on each doorstep”以及后文描述他们把花篮放在邻居家门口的情节，可知这些花篮最终被送给了邻居，所以选 B。
26. 根据文中“Now I knew what she meant about beauty sharing”以及“The garden was empty, but my heart was full”可知，作者的心之所以被填满，是因为他体会到了分享善意所带来的快乐，所以选 A。
C
27. 根据第二段“the machines we use were designed to break down and disappear—just as living things do”以及第三段“can easily break down in a natural environment”可知，这个机器人手臂和控制器的特殊之处在于它们是可生物降解的，对环境友好，所以选 A。
28. 根据第五段“Wei and Zhang expect that robots like these can be used to deal with dangerous waste... They also hope that such robots can aid doctors in operations...”可知，该段落主要介绍了这类软机器人的未来应用场景，所以选 B。
29. 根据第四段“Biodegradable robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics, which takes ideas from nature”可知，软机器人的设计借鉴了自然界的想法，所以选 C。
D
30. 根据第二段首句“Every AI model we develop mirrors our rules and expresses our beliefs”可知，作者提出“AI反映我们的规则和信念”这一观点，后文紧接着用公司招聘和贷款算法这两个例子来具体证明这个观点，所以选 D。
31. 根据最后一句“rather than allowing the two to diverge”可知，这里的“the two”指的是前文的“our principles”(我们的原则)和“the record of our actions”(我们的行为记录)。作者希望我们不要让原则与行为记录分道扬镳，所以“diverge”最可能的意思是“分离，分歧”，所以选 C。
32. 根据第四段“we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world”以及后文关于个人网络行为如何训练AI的例子可知，作者认为负责任地塑造AI，需要我们谨慎地对待自己输入给AI的数据，所以选 B。
33. 根据全文内容，作者反复强调AI反映的是人类自身已有的偏见和行为，问题的根源在于我们，而非AI技术本身。文章的核心是呼吁我们反思自身，并对我们创造的数据和行为负责，所以选 A。
2024年北京卷
A
21. 根据Helen的需求描述“I’d like to buy a beautiful hat for my mom”，可知她想为妈妈买一顶漂亮的帽子。根据商店C的介绍“There’s also an area selling beautiful handmade hats”，可知Parker's商店出售漂亮的手工帽子。所以选C。
22. 根据Peter的需求描述“I need to buy a big cake and some cookies for the party”，可知他需要为派对购买蛋糕和饼干。根据商店B的介绍“It also makes tasty cakes and cookies to take away—great for celebrations”，可知William's商店制作美味的蛋糕和饼干，适合庆祝活动。所以选B。
23. 根据Mark的需求描述“I want to buy him a pair of sports shoes as a gift”，可知他想为爷爷买一双运动鞋。根据商店D的介绍“This store is popular for its shoes at fair prices”，可知Brown's商店以价格公道的鞋子而闻名。所以选D。
B
24. 根据文章第二段中的“During his research, he learned that the amount (数量) of electronic waste, or e-waste, is increasing rapidly.”，可知Scott在网上研究时了解到电子废料的数量正在迅速增加。所以选C。
25. 根据文章第五段中的“The big day finally arrived, and Scott was nervous.”，可知在活动当天，Scott一开始感到很紧张。所以选D。
26. 根据文章最后一段中的“Scott smiled, realizing that a simple action could truly have a lasting influence.”，可知在活动结束时，Scott意识到一个简单的行动可以真正产生持久的影响。所以选B。
C
27. 根据文章第一段中的“It has proved hard to explain why. However, with the development of technology, there’s new excitement happening in the research world.”以及第二段开头的“An experiment was carried out in 2022 to find out what might influence way finding ability.”，可知进行这个实验的目的是为了找出影响人们方向感的因素，即解释人们为何在方向感上存在差异。所以选D。
28. 根据文章第四段中的“Research results like these suggest that people’s life experience decides how well they find their way.”，可知生活经验决定了方向感的好坏。文章第五段进一步举例，生活在鼓励探索森林环境中的Tsimane人，无论男女老少，方向感都很好。由此推断，一个经常探索自然的女性，因为积累了丰富的生活经验，很可能方向感很强。所以选A。
29. 根据文章第四段中的“Research results like these suggest that people’s life experience decides how well they find their way.”以及“this difference is more a question of culture and experience than of in born ability.”，可知研究表明，人们的方向感差异更多是由后天文化和经验决定的，而非天生的能力。这说明了好的方向感主要是后天培养的，而非与生俱来。所以选A。
D
30. 根据文章第一段中的“Almost everyone has experienced the feeling of discomfort when their actions do not agree with their inner values.”，可知作者开篇就指出这是一种普遍的人类体验。随后列举的几个例子都是为了具体说明这种“行为与价值观不符”的普遍情况。所以选C。
31. 根据文章第四段中的“...the challenges of aligning behaviors with beliefs...”，并结合全文主旨，可知此处讨论的是使行为与信念保持一致的挑战。再结合文章最后一句“...the agreement between our inner world and our actions.”，可以推断“aligning”意为“使...一致”或“匹配”。所以选A。
32. 根据文章第三段中的“Research supports the idea that recognizing this disagreement, together with mindfulness and open communication, can help with this process.”，可知研究表明，认识到这种不一致，并结合正念和开放沟通，有助于改变的过程。这表明作者认同开放沟通是实现改变的有效途径。所以选C。
33. 根据文章最后一段“...we can bridge the divide and set out on a journey of self-discovery.”，可知作者写作的最终目的是为了帮助读者弥合行为与价值观之间的鸿沟。通篇都在分析如何解决这种不一致，其根本目的就是鼓励人们通过反思和行动，让自己的行为与内心信念保持一致。所以选A。
2023年北京卷
A
21. 题目中 Alice 提到“I'm interested in designing clothes and want to study it at college.”(我对设计服装感兴趣并想在大学学习这个专业)，B 选项“Art Matters”课程介绍中明确说“This course teaches you different drawing skills. We'll get you to draw the latest styles of clothes. If you like designing clothes and want to study it at college, join us!”(这门课程教你不同的绘画技巧。我们会让你绘制最新款式的服装。如果你喜欢设计服装并想在大学学习这个专业，加入我们!)，所以 Alice 最适合的课程是 B。
22. Tony 说“I enjoy making wall posters of animals and I’d like to read picture books.”(我喜欢制作动物主题的墙海报，并且我想读图画书)，A 选项“Wild Art”课程介绍为“This course is about drawing and painting. You'll use your new skills to make a wall poster of animals. And we’ve got lots of picture books to give you ideas.”(这门课程是关于绘画的。你将用新学到的技能制作动物主题的墙海报。并且我们有很多图画书给你提供灵感)，因此 Tony 最适合的课程是 A。
23. Harry 表示“I like making bags and want to visit art museums to get creative ideas.”(我喜欢制作包，并且想去艺术博物馆获取创意)，C 选项“Creative Art”课程介绍是“This course is about making bags to keep your sports clothes in. We provide lots of materials. And you’ll visit art museums to get some creative ideas.”(这门课程是关于制作装运动服装的包的。我们提供很多材料。并且你将参观艺术博物馆获取一些创意)，所以 Harry 最适合的课程是 C。
B
24. 根据文中“Betty said unhappily. ‘Each one is a different shape and size. They are all special.’”可知，Betty认为每个贝壳都有不同的形状和大小，都很特别，所以她觉得贝壳是“Special”(特别的)，答案选D。
25. 由“When she saw her seashells broken, she began to cry.”可知，当Betty看到她的贝壳碎了时，她开始哭起来，所以答案选C。
26. 从“He thought about what he could do to make it up to his sister. When he got home, he had a perfect idea.”以及后续David和Betty一起把贝壳粘到相框上的行为可知，David把贝壳粘到相框上是为了弥补他的过失，向妹妹道歉，答案选A。
C
27. 根据文中“the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO₂), which speeds up climate change”可知，浪费的食物会产生大量二氧化碳，加速气候变化，所以食物浪费可能导致的后果是加速气候变化，答案选C。
28. 从“One of the hardest solutions to achieve is for each and every one to buy and prepare food with a plan of their own so that less food is wasted. Challenging as it is...”可知，对于每个人来说，按计划购买和准备食物以减少食物浪费是最难实现的解决方案之一，即家庭用餐计划很难付诸实践，答案选D。A选项“Food recycling has been hugely successful”与“Yet, there is still a long way to go and much for improvement in this area”不符;B选项“Buyers should give up non-top quality food”与“Buyers can try not fixing their eyes only on food of the best quality”意思相悖;C选项文中未提及。
29. 文章开篇指出食物浪费问题严重及其带来的不良影响，随后重点阐述了解决食物浪费问题的多种方法，如平衡食物生产与需求、开展减少食物浪费的项目、按计划购买和准备食物、食物回收等，所以文章主要讲的是解决食物浪费问题的办法，答案选B。
D
30. 根据文中“as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn’t know we had”可知，进行能让我们表达出自己都不知道有的想法的对话属于能带来享受的经历，与朋友交谈产生新想法符合这一点。A选项买昂贵鞋子、B选项点美味餐食更多带来的是愉悦;D选项安静坐在电视机前也不属于能带来享受的情况。所以答案选C。
31. 从“Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment”可知，一些经历既能带来愉悦也能带来享受，A选项享受源于愉悦、B选项愉悦和享受同时出现、C选项愉悦经历是享受经历的一部分均与原文不符。所以答案选D。
32. 根据后文“while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention”以及“A person can feel pleasure without any effort, as long as certain parts in his brain are stimulated”可知，这里将愉悦和享受进行对比，享受需要全神贯注，而愉悦不需要，所以“psychic energy”意思最接近“attention”(注意力)。答案选A。
33. 由“After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown. growth requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging.”可知，享受伴随着成长，A选项感到愉悦阻止人们成长错误;C选项有价值的生活取决于运气和环境与“To achieve personal control over the quality of experience, however, we need to learn how to build enjoyment into what happens day in, day out.”不符;D选项愉悦是快乐且有价值生活的关键与原文“pleasure by itself doesn’t bring happiness”不符。所以答案选B。
