2023年新高考全国II卷
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook(素描本)for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 36 You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 37
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 38 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club, we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
· 39 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback(反馈)is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
2023年全国甲卷
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks To Becoming A patient Person
Here's a riddle:What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There's one answer.___36___ .
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips.However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude(感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less steressed and even more optimistic.___37___ ."Showing thankfulness can foster self-control," said Ye Li, researcher at the university of Califormia.
●Make yourself wait
Instant gratification(满足)may seem like the most "feel good" option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.___38___ .Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minuters before going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
●___39___
So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate,and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself,"___40___ ."You'll then gradually become more patient.
A.Find your causes
B.Start with small tasks
C.Accept the uncomfortable
D.All this adds up to a state of hury
E.It can also help us practice more patience
F.This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G.They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience
2023年全国乙卷
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much , but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 ,but studies have shown that they can promote pople's well being by improving their mood(心情) ,reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants , also known as houseplants or pot plants , are plants that like to grow indoors. Mary of these species( 物种 )are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter 37 .
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens , says," 38 . I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood. " Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets , garden centres or online. Younger plants areoften cheaper than full grown ones , and you get to care for them as they maturewhich is part of the joy of owning plants. " 40 ."Spoelstra says. " lt can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature. "
A.All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. instead ,they grow better inside , where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding.
2023年北京卷
第二节(共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
2022全国甲卷
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Important Things to Know When Dicing Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 36 Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family-no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bite, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to cat with a utensil in each hand. 38 instead preferring to use their hands. In chide, you may never touch any fool with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their jerks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
39 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 40 , the more con for table you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practice.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
2022年全国乙卷
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain(保持) long-distance friendships.
•Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact(联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36_____.
•More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37_____. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
•Practise empathy(共情)
38_____. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
• 39_____
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
•Don't rely on technology alone
40_____, but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
2022年新高考I卷
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fitness magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “__36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
答案及解析：
2023年新高考全国II卷
36. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
这个空格前的句子建议使用素描本进行小型的练习，这些小型练习可以提供灵感，并可能成为未来更复杂作品的跳板。紧接着提到想要回顾你的艺术旅程，看看你已经走了多远。因此，不要扔掉你初学者的艺术作品是合适的，因为它记录了你的成长过程。
37. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
这个空格前的句子强调了从生活中绘画的重要性，无论是什么主题。接下来的句子应该是对频繁绘画的好处的解释，重复绘画可以发展出绘画的肌肉记忆。
38. A. Get out of your comfort zone.
这个空格前的句子建议不断挑战自己，尝试新事物。紧接着提到艺术成长可能会有点痛苦，这是所有艺术家都经历过的。因此，建议是跳出舒适区，这与挑战自己尝试新事物的建议相呼应。
39. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
这个空格前的句子提到寻求和接受建设性的反馈对成长至关重要。接下来的句子讲述了作者在社交媒体上发布作品，并遇到了一些非常友好的人。这表明分享你的作品可以让你的艺术之旅更加丰富。
40. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
这个空格前的句子提到你的艺术旅程不会是一条直线。接下来的句子建议你要坚持不懈，给予时间，并付出努力。因此，这个空格应该是关于艺术旅程中可能会遇到的困难，即你会遇到障碍，有时会感到沮丧。
2023年全国甲卷
36. G. They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience.
解析：这个空格是谜语的答案，前文提到的交通堵塞、长队和等待假期开始都是需要耐心的情况，因此G选项“它们都是我们需要额外耐心的情况”符合语境。
37. E. It can also help us practice more patience.
解析：前一句提到感恩有很多好处，然后提到Ye Li的研究表明感恩可以培养自控，这与练习耐心有关，因此E选项“它也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”是正确的。
38. B. Start with small tasks
解析：这个空格前的句子提到心理学研究表明等待事物实际上从长远来看会让我们更快乐，接下来的句子提到推迟看最喜欢的节目或者推迟吃蛋糕，这些都是从小事做起练习等待，因此B选项“从小任务开始”是正确的。
39. C. accept the uncomfortable
解析：这个空格所在的段落标题和段落内容都涉及到接受不舒服的情况，因此C选项“接受不舒服”是正确的。
40. F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.
解析：前一句提到我们应该学会对自己说某件事，后文提到这样你就会逐渐变得更有耐心，F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，并不是无法忍受的”符合这个语境，表明我们应该接受不舒服而不是认为它无法忍受。
2023年全国乙卷
36. 答案：B
解析：根据后文“but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood, reducing stress, and helping their memory”可知，此处表示转折，强调室内植物不仅看起来好看(Not only do they look beautiful)，还有其他益处。因此，B项符合语境。
37. 答案：D
解析：前文提到“Mary of these species are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter”，意思是许多植物不适合在英国的户外生长，尤其是在冬天。接着后文应该是对这句话的进一步解释或说明。D项“Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer”意思是“相反，它们在室内生长得更好，因为室内更暖和”，与前文形成了转折关系，并解释了为什么这些植物不适合在户外生长，所以D项正确。
38. 答案：C
解析：根据后文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood”以及“Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus, and memory”可知，此处是在说明室内植物的好处(There are many benefits to growing plants indoors)，所以C项符合语境。
39. 答案：F
解析：前文提到“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking”，意思是有研究表明盆栽植物可以通过吸收有害气体(如二氧化碳)来净化周围的空气，它们还可以去除来自油漆或烹饪的一些有害物质。接着后文应该继续介绍盆栽植物的其他好处或养护方法。F项“Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help”意思是“时不时地给你的植物换盆也会有帮助”，这与前文形成了并列关系，并介绍了盆栽植物的一个养护方法，所以F项正确。
40. 答案：G
解析：根据前文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fullgrown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature, which is part of the joy of owning plants”可知，此处是在说养植物的好处之一是可以照顾它们直到它们成熟。接着后文“it can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature”进一步说明了养植物的好处。G项“Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding”意思是“了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的”，这与前文形成了并列关系，并介绍了养植物的另一个好处，即了解植物的需求可以获得满足感，所以G项正确。
2023年北京卷
35. 此空后的内容提到“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings”，其意思是“当我以高等教育学者的身份与家庭交谈时，他们经常对教学质量不被纳入排名而感到惊讶”，此句与选项D中的“the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching”形成对应，都是在说排名没有考虑教学质量这一关键因素，所以选项D“然而，排名忽视了一个关键因素：教学质量”适合填在此空。
36. 此空前的句子提到“they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings”，其意思是“他们经常对教学质量不被纳入排名而感到惊讶”，而此空后的内容提到“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities”，其意思是“新兴研究表明，低排名大学的课程在教学质量上的平均分高于高排名大学的课程”，这说明大学低估了教学质量，结合选项，选项F“他们甚至对大学如何低估教学感到更加惊讶”能够承接前文并引出后文，所以选项F适合填在此空。
37. 此空后的内容提到“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success”，其意思是“考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有教学质量优秀是令人惊讶的”，此句中的“the absence of teaching excellence from the rankings”与选项G中的“universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors”形成对应，都是在说大学没有重视教学质量，而是把重点转移到了其他排名因素上，所以选项G“事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上”适合填在此空。
38. 此空前的内容提到“Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding”，其意思是“管理者通常不把教学优秀视为增加注册人数或资金的方式”，结合选项，选项B“因此，它在招聘或晋升中并不被高度重视”中的“it”指的是“teaching excellence”，其能够承接前文，说明大学不重视教学质量的原因，所以选项B适合填在此空。
39. 此空后的内容提到“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments”，其意思是“然而，在高度重视教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和注册人数增加之前，情况不会有太大改变”，此句中的“Not much will change”说明大学层面提高教学的努力还没有太多改变，结合选项，选项E“大学层面提高教学的努力最近已经出现”能够引出后文，所以选项E适合填在此空。
2022全国甲卷
36. D
解析：本段标题为"Important Things to Know When Dining Out"，接下来的内容应该是关于外出就餐时需要知道的重要事项。选项D "Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant"(不要在餐厅犯尴尬的错误)与标题内容相符合，因此是正确选项。
37. F
解析：本段标题为"Chopstick Rules"，接下来的内容应该是关于使用筷子的规则。选项F "Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them"(使用时不要将筷子直立在食物中或交叉使用)是关于筷子的使用规则，因此是正确选项。
38. C
解析：本段标题为"Hands or Utensils"，接下来的内容应该是关于用手还是餐具吃饭的文化差异。选项C "Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils"(墨西哥人认为使用餐具吃饭是不恰当的)与标题内容相符合，因此是正确选项。
39. G
解析：本段标题为"Making Requests"，接下来的内容应该是关于在餐桌上提出要求的礼仪。选项G "It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate"(如果你在盘子周围弄得很乱，对厨师来说是一个好迹象)与提出要求相关，但这个选项与下文提到的葡萄牙和意大利的例子不符，因此不是正确选项。正确选项应该是G "It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal"(在餐桌上要求盐和胡椒似乎是一个简单的请求)，这与下文提到的在葡萄牙和意大利的例子相符合。
40. B
解析：本段是对上文文化餐饮礼仪规则的总结。选项B "The more time you spend in any given country"(你在任何一个国家待的时间越长)与总结的内容相符合，说明随着时间的推移，你会越来越适应外国文化实践，因此是正确选项。
2022年全国乙卷
36. D。前一句提到“在忙碌的日程中，挤时间打电话可能是一个挑战”，所以接下来的建议应该是关于如何解决这个问题。选项D“尝试找到一个对双方都合适的时间，并坚持下去”符合上下文的逻辑。
37. E。这一段的主题是关于沟通频率和方式的，选项E“朋友们需要谈论他们偏好的沟通方式”与前一句“确保你和朋友已经沟通过你们希望被联系的频率以及最适合你们双方的方式”相呼应。
38. G。这一段是关于共情的实践，选项G“You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind”引出了接下来的内容，即无论是离开的朋友还是被留下的朋友，都需要对对方的感受保持敏感。
39. A。这一段是关于记住重要的日期，选项A“Remember important dates”直接点明了这一段的主题。
40. F。这一段是关于不要仅仅依赖技术，选项F“It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media”与下文提到的“但即使是亲密的远距离友谊也可能需要更多的自觉努力来维持”形成了对比，说明了虽然社交媒体可以提供连接感，但仍需要更多的努力。
2022年新高考I卷
36. C 解析：根据前一句提到的“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你实际上会去”，以及本段最后一句提到的“和锻炼伙伴一起，你会增加你的训练努力，因为有一种微妙的竞争”，可以推断出空缺处应该是关于有伙伴时会更加努力锻炼的原因。选项C "如果你和别人一起训练，你会更加努力"符合上下文。
37. D 解析：本段首句提到首先要决定你想要从那个人那里得到什么，选项D "你想要在你喜欢的运动中成为一个更好的运动员吗?"是对这个问题的直接回答，符合语境。
38. B 解析：本段首句提到在社交媒体上发布你想要的内容可能不会得到有用的回应，选项B "锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近"给出了原因，即如果计划在健身房锻炼，那个人必须属于同一个健身房，这与上下文逻辑相符。
39. G 解析：前一句提到伙伴在公园布告板上发布了她的要求，并详细列出了想要进行的训练类型、每周天数、每次训练时间、年龄、最喜欢的运动和活动，以及电话号码。选项G "寻找训练伙伴的任何通知都应该包含这样的信息"是对这一做法的总结，因此符合语境。
40. F 解析：本段首句提到你和你的伙伴可能有不同的技能，选项F "接受你们的不同，学会一起工作"是对如何处理这种差异的建议，与上下文主题相符。
