Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临，因为上山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多草药，特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。
参考译文：
Mount Hua is located in Huayin City, 120 kilometers away from Xi'an. It is part of the Qinling Mountains, which not only separate southern Shaanxi from northern Shaanxi but also divide southern China from northern China. Unlike Mount Tai, which people often visited for pilgrimage in the past, Mount Hua was rarely frequented because the mountain paths were extremely dangerous. However, those who hoped to live a long life often went up the mountain, as many herbs, especially some rare ones, grew there. Since cable cars were installed in the 1990s, the number of visitors has increased significantly.
译文难点解析：
1. “华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里”译为“Mount Hua is located in Huayin City, 120 kilometers away from Xi'an”
难点：准确表达地理位置和距离关系。“位于”用“be located in”;“距……公里”用“... kilometers away from...” ，这是常见的表达距离的句式，能让读者清晰了解华山的地理位置。
2. “华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分割陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北”译为“It is part of the Qinling Mountains, which not only separate southern Shaanxi from northern Shaanxi but also divide southern China from northern China”
难点：定语从句的运用以及“分割”“分隔”的同义词替换。“which”引导定语从句修饰“the Qinling Mountains”，使句子结构更紧凑，逻辑更清晰;“separate...from...”和“divide...from...”都有“把……和……分开”的意思，在这里交替使用避免重复。
3. “与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临”译为“Unlike Mount Tai, which people often visited for pilgrimage in the past, Mount Hua was rarely frequented”
难点：“Unlike”引导比较结构以及“光临”的翻译。“Unlike”用于引出对比对象，简洁明了;“frequent”作动词有“常去、常到(某地)”的意思，“was rarely frequented”表示“很少有人光临”，比直接用“visit”更地道。
4. “因为上山的道路极其危险”译为“because the mountain paths were extremely dangerous”
难点：“道路”在这里指“山间小路”，用“paths”比“roads”更合适，“extremely”强调危险的程度，准确传达原文含义。
5. “希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多草药，特别是一些稀有的药草”译为“However, those who hoped to live a long life often went up the mountain, as many herbs, especially some rare ones, grew there”。
难点：定语从句和原因状语从句的运用。“those who hoped to live a long life”是定语从句，修饰“those”，表示“希望长寿的人”;“as”引导原因状语从句，说明人们上山的原因，“herbs”指“草药”，“rare ones”指代“稀有的药草”，使表达简洁。
6. “自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加”译为“Since cable cars were installed in the 1990s, the number of visitors has increased significantly”。
难点：现在完成时的运用。“Since”引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时“has increased significantly”，表示从过去某个时间(上世纪90年代安装缆车)开始一直持续到现在的动作(参观人数增加)或状态，符合英语语法和表达习惯。
