Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from
Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。构成现代世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国。中国现在拥有世界上发展最快的经济,并经历着一次新的工业革命。中国还启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划,其中包括到 2020 年建成一个太空站。目前,中国是世界最大的出口国之一,并正在吸引大量外国投资。同时,它也在海外投资数十亿美元。2011年,中国超越日本成为世界第二大经济体。
参考译文:
China is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. Many elements that form the basis of the modern world originated in China. China now has the fastest-growing economy in the world and is undergoing a new industrial revolution. China has also launched ambitious space exploration programs, including the establishment of a space station by 2020. Currently, China is one of the world's largest exporters and is attracting a significant amount of foreign investment. At the same time, it is also investing billions of dollars overseas. In 2011, China surpassed Japan to become the world's second-largest economy.
译文难点解析:
1. 构成现代世界基础的许多元素:Many elements that form the basis of the modern world
“构成……基础”在中文里是比较常见但相对抽象的表达。在翻译成英文时,需要挑选合适的短语来准确传达意思。“form the basis of”是英文中自然且常用的表达,能够精准地体现出这些元素和现代世界之间的基础性关系。
2. 经历着一次新的工业革命:is undergoing a new industrial revolution
“经历”在英文中有多种译法,比如“experience”“go through”等。不过在描述像工业革命这样国家层面的发展进程时,“undergo”是更为正式、精准的动词。它强调了这一过程的持续性和变革性。
3. 启动了雄心勃勃的太空探索计划:has launched ambitious space exploration programs
“启动”可以翻译为“start”“launch”等。在这里,“launch”是更好的选择,因为在涉及官方项目或计划,尤其是太空探索领域时,“launch”更为常用。“ambitious”准确地传达出了中国太空探索计划规模宏大、具有前瞻性的特点。
4. 建成一个太空站:the establishment of a space station
没有直接把“建成”翻译成“build”,而是使用“the establishment of”,在这种正式语境下更为合适。它从更官方、更长远的视角来看待太空站的创建,这与太空探索项目的性质相契合。
5. 吸引大量外国投资:attracting a significant amount of foreign investment
“大量”可以翻译为“a large amount of”“a great deal of”“a significant amount of”等。此处选择“a significant amount of”,是因为它不仅表达了数量之多,还暗示了外国投资的重要性和影响力,更符合文中描述的经济背景。
6. 超越日本成为世界第二大经济体:surpassed Japan to become the world's second-largest economy
“超越”翻译为“surpass”,这是在经济或竞争语境中精确且常用的动词。“surpass...to become...”的结构清晰地展示了事件的先后顺序和最终结果,使译文易于理解。
