2020年全国I卷
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) -- the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess -- 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct).” Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
2020年全国II卷
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
2020年全国Ⅲ卷
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist 61.________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62.________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would. 63.___________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River - perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 64.________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65._______ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66._________ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67.________ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved. 68.________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue; And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69._________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70._____ earth, Mother Nature.
2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 56 (fall)child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 (sleep)while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 59 (see)them. When he looked down, he 60 (accidental )slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes 61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 62 (fix)his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 63 (throw)his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
"He saved my 64 (son)life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know 65 to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
2023年新高考I卷
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)， 58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65 (want) more next time.
2023年北京卷 A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
2023年北京卷 B
Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
2023年北京卷 C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
答案解析：
2020年全国I卷
61. touched
解析：根据句意，嫦娥-4探测器上周已经着陆，所以应该用过去式。选项(touch)的过去式是touched。
62. extremely
解析：这里需要一个副词来修饰形容词challenging。选项(extreme)的副词形式是extremely。
63. where
解析：这里需要一个连接副词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词a spot，并在从句中作地点状语。选项是where。
64. interest
解析：这里需要一个名词来表示对月球远侧的兴趣。选项(interesting)的名词形式是interest。
65. than
解析：这里需要一个连词来与more so搭配，构成比较级结构。选项是than。
66. to find
解析：这里需要一个不定式来表示目的，与hope to搭配。选项(find)的不定式形式是to find。
67. means
解析：根据句意，这里应该用一般现在时，因为句子的主语是第三人称单数。选项(mean)的一般现在时第三人称单数形式是means。
68. is onstructed
解析：根据句意，这里应该用被动语态，因为月亮是被构建的。选项(construct)的被动语态是is constructed。
69. much
解析：这里需要一个形容词来修饰不可数名词ice。选项是much。
70. its
解析：这里需要一个形容词性物主代词来修饰后面的名词plans。选项(it)的形容词性物主代词形式是its。
2020年全国II卷
61. celebration
此处需要名词形式，表示中国新年是一个庆祝活动，标记着冬天的结束和春天的开始。Celebration意为“庆祝活动”。
62. carries
此处的句子主语是动名词短语"decorating with plants, fruits and flowers"，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。Carry的第三人称单数形式是carries。
63. coming
此处需要现在分词形式，表示植物、水果和花朵代表了大地复苏。Come的现在分词形式是coming。
64. than
根据句意，这里应该是比较级结构，表示橘树不仅仅是装饰。所以应该填than，构成more than a decoration，意为“不仅仅是一个装饰”。
65. decorated
此处需要过去分词形式，表示橙子常常被装饰成带有红包和吉祥话语的样式。Decorate的过去分词形式是decorated。
66. Certainly
此处需要一个副词，表示毫无疑问地，特别是在节日期间，这种植物是必须的。Certainly意为“当然，毫无疑问地”。
67. with
此处需要介词with，表示竹子植物与健康、丰富和家庭幸福相关联。Be associated with意为“与...相关联”。
68. to care
此处需要不定式短语作宾语，表示竹子植物易于照料。To care for意为“照顾，照料”。
69. beautiful
此处需要形容词形式，修饰branches ，表示漂亮的长长的梅花枝条上覆盖着粉红色的蓓蕾。
70. the
此处需要填定冠词the，表示梅花树是第一批在雪融化时开花的。
2020年全国Ⅲ卷
61. whose
解析：这里需要一个关系词来引导定语从句，修饰前面的artist，并且表示所属关系，因此使用whose。
62. finest
解析：这里是形容词的比较级，表示最好的作品，所以使用fine的最高级形式finest。
63. be chosen
解析：根据句意，艺术家确信自己会被选中，所以应该使用被动语态，即would be chosen。
64. curiosity
解析：这里需要名词形式，表示充满好奇，所以使用curiosity。
65. When/As
解析：本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
66. pointed
解析：这里描述的是村民的动作，他们指向河流，所以使用point的过去式pointed。
67. to find
解析：这里需要不定式表示目的，即他租船是为了找到那位著名的画家，所以使用to find。
68. gently
解析：这里需要副词形式修饰动词moved，表示小船轻轻地沿着河流移动，所以使用gently。
69. surrounding
解析：这里需要现在分词作定语，修饰clouds，表示云围绕着山顶，所以使用surrounding。
70. on
解析：这里表示在地球上，使用介词on，即on earth。
2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷
56. 根据句意，这里需要用动词的现在分词形式作定语，表示正在下落的孩童。因此填入falling。
57. 这里需要填入一个形容词性物主代词来修饰后面的名词family。因此填入The。
58. 根据句意，他们两个在看电视时睡着了，这里需要用形容词asleep来表示状态。因此填入asleep。
59. 这里需要用不定式to see作为目的状语，表示Eric爬上去是为了看孩子们。因此填入to see。
60. 根据句意，Eric是无意中滑倒的，这里需要用副词accidentally来修饰动词slipped。因此填入accidentally。
61. 这里需要填入一个并列连词来连接两个动作hanged on和screamed for his father，表示Eric同时做了这两件事。因此填入and。
62. 根据句意，Henry在听到尖叫声时正在修理他的车，这里需要用进行时态was fixing。因此填入was fixing。
63. 根据句意，Henry迅速地扔掉了他的工具，这里需要用过去式threw。因此填入threw。
64. 这里需要用名词的所有格son's来表示是Eric的生命。因此填入son's。
65. 根据句意，Mrs. Brown不知道如何感谢Henry，这里需要用副词how来引导动词thank的宾语从句。因此填入how。
2023年新高考I卷
56. "tasty" ，形容词，用来修饰后面的名词 "soup"，表示“美味的汤”。
57. "to bite" ，不定式，用于 "whether" 后面，表示选择做某事。
58. "or" ，连词，用于连接两个选择，表示“或者”。
59. "recognized" ，过去分词，作定语修饰 "home"，表示“被公认为的家园”。
60. "by" ，介词，表示方式，这里指“用手按压而不是滚圆”。
61. "to be lifted " ，根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted，故填to be lifted。
62. "their" ，形容词性物主代词，用来修饰 "contents"，表示“它们的内容”。
63. "a" ，不定冠词，用来修饰后面的名词 "touch"，表示“一丝甜味”。
64. "rarely" ，副词，表示“很少”，用于修饰 "enough"。
65. "wanting" ，现在分词，作宾语补足语，表示“想要更多的”。
2023年北京卷 A
11. threw
解析：根据句子中的"Years later"可知，这里描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应该使用过去时态。主语"I"是第一人称单数，所以动词应该用过去时的"threw"。
12. exactly
解析：这里需要一个副词来修饰动词"showed up"，表示客人们到达的时间非常准时。"Exact"是形容词，其副词形式是"exactly"。
13. had arrived
解析：根据句子结构，这里需要用到过去完成时态，因为"find"是过去的动作，而"arrive"是发生在"find"之前的动作。所以应该使用"had arrived"。
2023年北京卷 B
14. seen
解析：这里需要用到过去分词作状语，表示被动意义，即“从远处看红树林”。主语"The mangrove forests"与动词"see"之间是被动关系，所以使用"seen"。
15. cities
解析：这里需要用到名词复数形式，因为它们是保护多个城市免受海岸风的影响。"City"的复数形式是"cities"。
16. has established
解析：根据句子的时态，这里应该使用现在完成时态，表示中国已经建立了多个红树林保护区，并且这个动作对现在有影响。"Establish"的现在完成时态是"has established"。
2023年北京卷 C
17. to
解析：这里需要用到介词"to"来引导宾语"global water issues"，表示目的或方向。
18. where
解析：这里需要一个关系副词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词"Chicago"，并在从句中作地点状语。"Where"符合这个用法。
19. to address
解析：这里需要用到不定式"to address"作为目的状语，表示"call for action"的目的在于解决某个问题。
20. facing
解析：这里需要用到现在分词作定语，修饰"people around the world"，表示他们正在面临的问题。"Face"的现在分词形式是"facing"。
