2017年全国卷2
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us.
National theatre Of China Beijing | ChineseThis great occasion (盛会) will be the National theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.Date & Time: Saturday 28 April, 2:30pm & Sunday 29 April,1:30pm & 6:30pm
Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi | Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928, appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed (指导) by the company’s Artistic director Levan Tsuladze.Date & Time: Friday 18 May, 2:30pm & Saturday 19May, 7:30pm
Deafinitely theater London | British Sign language (BSL)By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.Date & Time: Tuesday 22 May, 2:30pm & Wednesday 23 May, 7:30pm
Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv | HebrewThe Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide, Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. Since 1958,they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.Date & Time: Monday 28 May, 7:30pm & Tuesday 29 May, 7:30pm
21.Which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?
A. Richard Ⅲ.
B. Lover’s Labour’s Lost.
C. As You Like It.
D. The merchant of Venice.
22.What is special about Deafinnitely Theatre?
A. It has two groups of actors.
B. It is the leading theatre in London.
C. It performs plays in BSL.
D. It is good at producing comedies.
23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?
A. On Saturday 28Apil. B. On Sunday 29 April.
C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May.
答案解析：
21. A. 根据文章中关于中国国家剧院的描述，提到了他们将演出莎士比亚的《理查德三世》，所以正确答案是A。
22. C. 文章中提到Deafinitely Theater将《爱的徒劳》翻译成英国手语(BSL)，并以此表演，这表明该剧院的特色是使用BSL表演戏剧，所以正确答案是C。
23. D. 根据文章中关于Habima National Theatre的描述，提到了他们将在5月29日星期二演出莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》，这是用希伯来语表演的，所以正确答案是D。
B
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft (技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other — but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back — he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famous enough.
D. The director recommended someone else.
25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A. They were of the same age.
B. They worked in the same theater.
C. They were both good actors.
D. They have similar characteristics.
26.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care for children.
C. Their success.
D. Their support for each other.
27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of films.
B. To remember a friend.
C. To introduce a new movie.
D. To share his acting experience.
答案解析：
24. C. 根据第一段中的描述，制片厂不想让作者出演电影，因为它想要一个和保罗·纽曼一样知名的人，这表明作者当时不够知名，所以正确答案是C。
25. D. 第二段中提到，他们之间的友谊源于他们都来自戏剧和现场电视的传统，他们都尊重技艺，专注于挖掘角色，并且具有美国演员典型的品质和美德，如幽默、进取和相互取乐但始终带有深层的感情。这些共同的特点是他们持久友谊的基础，所以正确答案是D。
26. A. 第三段中提到的“that”指的是前一句中的“we shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back”，即他们共同的观点是，如果你有幸获得成功，你应该回馈社会。所以正确答案是A。
27. B. 整篇文章是作者对保罗·纽曼的回忆，讲述了他们之间的友谊和工作经历，以及他们对彼此的支持。文章的目的是为了纪念这位朋友，所以正确答案是B。
C
Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle — named the Transition – has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.
Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.
Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.
Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.
28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. The basic data of the Transition.
B. The advantages of flying cars.
C. The potential market for flying cars.
D. The designers of the Transition.
29. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?
A. It causers traffic jams.
B. It is difficult to operate.
C. It is very expensive.
D. It burns too much fuel.
30. What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?
A. Cautious
B. Favorable.
C. Ambiguous.
D. Disapproving.
31. What is the best title for the text?
A. Flying Car at Auto Show
B. The Transition’s First Flight
C. Pilots’ Dream Coming True
D. Flying Car Closer to Reality
答案解析：
28. A. 第一段主要介绍了Terrafugia公司新推出的飞行汽车Transition的基本数据，包括座位数、车轮数、可折叠机翼等特征，以及飞行和驾驶的具体数据。因此，答案为A。
29. C. Transition的预计售价高达279，000美元，价格非常昂贵，因此不太可能在太多车道上出现。
30. B. 政府已经允许该公司使用特殊材料，让车辆更容易飞行，说明政府对于飞车的研发持支持态度，因此答案为B。
31. D. 全文讲述Terrafugia公司新推出的飞行汽车Transition已经完成首次飞行，使该公司更接近其在明年出售飞行汽车的目标。同时，政府也已经允许该公司使用特殊材料来制造这种汽车，使其更容易飞行。因此，本文最佳标题为“飞行汽车更接近现实”。
D
When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbours react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的)
than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.
32. What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A. It makes noises.
B. It gets help from other plants.
C. It stands quietly
D. It sends out certain chemicals.
33. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back.
D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .
A. predict natural disasters
B. protect themselves against insects
C. talk to one another intentionally
D. help their neighbors when necessary
35.what can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The world is changing faster than ever.
B. People have stronger senses than before
C. The world is more complex than it seems
D. People in Darwin’s time were imaginative.
答案解析：
32. D. 根据第一段的内容，当植物受到攻击时，它会释放出特定的化学物质，这些化学物质来自植物的受伤部分，似乎是一种警报。因此，正确答案是D。
33. A.第三段中提到，一些植物会释放出香味来吸引攻击者的天敌昆虫，一旦这些天敌昆虫到达，攻击者就会变成食物。这里的“the tables are turned”意味着情况发生了逆转，攻击者变成了被攻击的对象。因此，正确答案是A。
34. B. 根据第四段的内容，研究表明这些化学交流帮助了邻近的植物。第一个植物通常受损更严重，但邻近的植物相对安全，因为它们听到了警报并知道该怎么做。这表明植物通过释放化学物质来保护自己免受昆虫的侵害。因此，正确答案是B。
35. C. 最后一段中提到，查尔斯·达尔文在150多年前就想象了一个比我们所能看到和听到的世界更加繁忙、嘈杂和亲密的世界。我们的感官是脆弱的，有很多事情正在发生。这表明作者认为世界比我们看起来要复杂得多。因此，正确答案是C。
