2019年全国1卷
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ___36___ according to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). ___38___ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ___39___ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D . To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D .
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
2019年全国2卷
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board fourfeet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
37 More than that, how should you stay motivatedto achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values yourstrengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then shouldyour you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depthof your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to yourcommitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So,slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you moveforward.
Anotherway of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives,keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keepthese points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personalcircumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot butcan’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 Youshould reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You willsurely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. Youcannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for thesedifficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
2019年(全国3卷)
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
2019北京卷
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. _____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?
___47___They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. ______48______In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” ___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___50___ An A-team may require a balance——not just A players， but a few generous B players as well.
A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
2019年6月浙江卷
Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. __31__ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.
After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. __32__ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year.
__33__ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. __34__ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. __35__
A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.
B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.
C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.
D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.
E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.
F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night (1964) and Help! (1965).
G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio.
2018全国1卷
第二节
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design—something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? _____36_____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. _____37_____, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
_____38_____. They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. _____39_____. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. _____40_____.
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
2018年全国卷二
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
l Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready
to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37
l Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in
the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
l 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
l 40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep you head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up.
2018年全国卷三
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.
____36____We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.
“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can’t imagine doing anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. “Teaching dance is wonderful. _____37_____It’s great to watch them. For many of them, it’s a way of meeting people and having a social life.”
____38____“I can tell you about one young couple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. ______39______”
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better._____40_____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.”
A. So why do we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
2018年北京卷
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Do We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering (触发) events, personality traits (特征), and our assessment of situations. 51
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. _ 52 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 53 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
____54 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的) outlooks on situations can create anger.
____55 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.
A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.
B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.
C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.
E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
答案解析：
2019年全国1卷
36. E 前一句提到我们从小就被告诉要去外面呼吸新鲜空气，而E选项“新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总是说的那样对你有好处吗?”自然地引出了下文关于新鲜空气好处的讨论。
37. A 本段讲述了新鲜空气如何对身体有益，A选项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。”与下文提到的清洁空气中的氧气对肌肉和大脑有益相呼应。
38. G 本段讲述了自然世界与治愈之间的联系，G选项“全国各地，康复中心已经开始建造治愈花园。”提供了具体的例子，说明人们在康复期间可以接近自然。
39. C 本段讲述了绿色植物对病人的积极影响，C选项“身处大自然可以让我们焕然一新。”与上文提到的看到绿色植物可以减少压力、降低血压和改善情绪相呼应。
40. D 本段讲述了阳光的好处，D选项“获取新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。”自然地引出了下文关于阳光和维生素D的讨论。
2019年全国2卷
36. G。此句前提到动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面，后句提到如果没有动机，你将无法决定是否跳入水中。选项G“没有动机，你既不能设定目标，也不能达到目标”与上下文逻辑相符，说明了动机与目标设定之间的关系。
37. B。此句后提到如何保持动力去实现目标，选项B“So how should you motivate yourself?”(那么你应该如何激励自己呢?)自然引出了下文的建议和方法。
38. A。此句前提到有时候你的心并不在工作上，选项A“This can affect your work.”(这可能会影响你的工作。)说明了情绪或动机不足对工作的影响。
39. E。此句前提到目标需要灵活，选项E“They can change according to circumstances.”(它们可以根据情况变化。)进一步说明了目标的灵活性。
40. C。此句前提到个人情况同样重要，例如想要成为飞行员但视力不够好，选项C“However, this should not discourage you.”(然而，这不应该让你气馁。)为读者提供了积极的建议。
2019年(全国3卷)
36. 此空白处需要一句话来引出下文的“Do's”和“Don'ts”，选项E "Below are some common do's and don'ts for online learners."完美地完成了这个任务，它为读者提供了接下来要讨论的内容。
37. 根据下文提到的“Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.”，选项G "Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions."与上下文紧密相关，它建议学生在提问时要确保问题是经过思考的。
38. 此空白处需要一句话来解释为什么学生应该参与讨论论坛，选项A "That's what they are for."表明这些论坛就是为了讨论而存在的，因此是合适的选项。
39. 根据上文提到的“Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.”，选项C "If more information is needed, they will ask."表明如果教授需要更多信息，他们会主动询问，这与不要分享过多个人信息的要求相符合。
40. 此空白处需要一句话来解释为什么学生不应该在社交媒体上公开表达对教授或课程的不满，选项F "Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another."提供了一个更宽容和理解的角度，建议学生使用在线课程评估来冷静地提出评论。
2019北京卷
46.根据前文“Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.”以及后文“Companies spend millions hiring top business people.”可知，这里在围绕有才能的人展开，且与体育领域吸引人才相关，B选项“体育球队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才”符合语境，所以选B。
47.根据后文“They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed.”可知，研究聚焦于一些体育项目且结果多样，说明是进行了相关研究，E选项“最近的几项研究考察了体育界中天赋的作用”能引出下文，所以选E。
48.根据前文“To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions.”以及后文“In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.”可知，这里在对比不同体育项目中团队成员行动协调程度以及个人表现与队友的依赖关系，G选项“这种任务相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球”承上启下，所以选G。
49.根据前文“Young children learning to play team sports are often told, ‘There is no I in TEAM.’”可知，小孩子学团队运动常被告知团队中没有“我”，强调团队精神，而D选项“明星显然不遵循这种体育精神的基本原则”形成对比，所以选D。
50.根据后文“An A - team may require a balance——not just A players， but a few generous B players as well.”可知，组建一个优秀团队需要平衡，不只是有顶尖球员，F选项“组建一个梦之队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多”符合文意，所以选F。
2019年6月浙江卷
根据后文“At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.”提到了“at that time”，C选项“Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.”给出了具体的时间背景，与后文时间相呼应，所以选C。
前文提到甲壳虫乐队在英国非常受欢迎，B选项“Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time.”进一步说明他们在当时的影响力，连发型都成为潮流，符合语境，所以选B。
后文“They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964.”表明他们要去美国，A选项“They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.”符合逻辑，所以选A。
根据后文“The concert was broadcast live...”可知，这里说的是他们在美国的首次演出，G选项“They performed their first concert in America at CBS television’s 53rd street studio.”与之对应，所以选G。
前文提到由于甲壳虫乐队，市场上出现了很多新面孔的机会，E选项“Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.”说明很多摇滚乐队能够追随甲壳虫乐队的脚步，符合文意，所以选E。
2018全国1卷
36. B 此句位于段首，需要与下文内容衔接。根据下文提到的 "color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel" 可知，无论你想要什么样的房间，颜色都是关键。因此，选项B "Whatever you’re looking for" 符合语境，意为无论你在寻找什么。
37. A 此句位于段首，需要与下文内容衔接。根据下文提到的 "they can get a little complex" 可知，这里是在谈论不同的技术方法。选项A "While all of them are useful" 意为尽管它们都有用，但可以变得有点复杂，符合语境。
38. D 根据下文提到的 "They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets" 可知，这里是在介绍小范围的色彩选择。选项D "Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with" 意为我们最熟悉的是小范围的色彩选择，符合语境。
39. G 根据下文提到的 "They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space" 可知，这里是在比较中等范围的色彩选择。选项G "Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways" 意为这个范围内的色彩选择在两个主要方面比小范围的色彩选择更上一层楼，符合语境。
40. F 根据上文提到的 "the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant" 可知，这里是在强调大范围色彩选择的重要性。选项F "So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time" 意为所以你要确定，因为你希望一次就做对，符合语境。
2018年全国卷二
36. G. 本段是承上启下的作用，前文提到找到时间锻炼很困难，后文提到早上锻炼的好处，G选项提到如果你计划规律锻炼或者已经在锻炼，那么要注意了，很自然地引出了下文早上锻炼的好处。
37. E. 前一句提到锻炼可以提高你的生产力，使你更加清醒，准备好应对一天中的任何事情，E选项提到锻炼后你可以保持头脑清晰4-10个小时，与提高生产力的观点相呼应。
38. F. 本段讲述早上锻炼对新陈代谢的好处，F选项提到锻炼后你会在一整天持续燃烧卡路里，与段落主题一致。
39. B. 本段提到研究发现早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好，B选项提到你的睡眠质量会提高，与段落内容相符。
40. A. 本段提到如果你早上早早锻炼，你更有可能一整天坚持健康饮食选择，A选项提到你会坚持你的饮食，与段落内容一致。
2018年全国卷三
36. B 第二段提到我们国家从佛罗里达州到阿拉斯加州，从北到南，从东到西都在跳舞，说明舞蹈在美国是无所不在的。选项B "Dance in the U.S. is everywhere."(在美国，舞蹈无处不在)与上下文内容相符。
37. D 第三段中提到Bridges开设了适合所有年龄段的舞蹈课，并且提到教学舞蹈很棒，接下来应该是对学生的一些描述。选项D "My older students say it makes them feel young."(我的老学生说这让他们感觉年轻)与上下文内容相符。
38. A 第四段开始讲述我们为什么跳舞，这是一个总起问题，为下文的具体例子做铺垫。选项A "So why do we dance?"(那么我们为什么跳舞呢?)与上下文内容相符。
39. F 第四段中的例子讲述了一对年轻夫妇学习传统舞蹈，他们的情绪从低落变为微笑，说明舞蹈完全改变了他们的感觉。选项F "Dancing seems to change their feeling completely."(舞蹈似乎完全改变了他们的感觉)与上下文内容相符。
40. E 最后一句话提到Andrea Hillier即使非常累也继续练习舞蹈，因为她发现很难停下来，这表明她对舞蹈的热爱和坚持。选项E "I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired."(即使我非常累，我也继续练习)与上下文内容相符。
2018年北京卷
51.F. 上文提到了解愤怒的原因可以帮助我们审视自己的行为并纠正不良习惯，而选项F中提到如果我们愿意用批判的眼光来评估自己，了解这些原因就能控制我们自己的愤怒，与上文内容相呼应，因此F是正确答案。
52.G. 下文提到“某个人被某件事触发而其他人没有被触发的原因通常是由于某人的个人历史和心理特征”，因此可以推断出上文是在说不同的人对同一件事情的反应不同，即G选项“不是每个人对事件的反应都一样，这就是为什么某件事可能触发一个人，也可能不触发另一个人”。
53.E. 上文提到有竞争力和低容忍度等个性特征的人更容易生气，而选项E指出拥有这些个性特征意味着处于愤怒前的状态，愤怒就在你的脑海中，因此选项E是正确答案。
54.A. 下文提到有时候甚至日常事件也会成为愤怒或预怒的来源，有时候无知和消极的情况展望也会产生愤怒，因此可以推断出我们的态度和观点也会影响我们内心的愤怒情绪，即选项A。
55.D. 下文提到愤怒很容易转变为暴力，最好了解愤怒出现的原因以防止其出现，因此可以推断出人们认为他们有理由感到愤怒，即选项D。
