Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18-to 34-year-olds
A Broad demographic (人口的)shifts is marital status, educational attainment and employment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new Pew research center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives—where they call home. In 2014, for the first time in more than 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were slightly more likely to be living in their parents’ home than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their own household.
B This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who are choosing to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the most common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether a spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nation’s 18-to 34-year-olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.
C By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, below the share living in the home of their parent(s) (32.1%). Some 14% of young adults lived alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member (such as a grandparent, in-law or sibling (兄弟姐妹)), a non-relative, or in group quarters like college dormitories.
D It’s worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with their parents was not at a record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nation’s 18-to 34-year-olds lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32% in 2014). What has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.
E Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men ages 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2009, In 2014,28% of young men were living with a spouse of partner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse of romantic partner(35%) than they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%).
F In 2014, more young women (16%) than young men (13%) were heading up a household without a spouse or parther. This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be sigle parents living with their children. For their part, young men (25%) are more likely than young women (19%) to be living in the home of another family member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters.
G A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults living with the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of today’s young adult may never marry. While cohabitation(同居)has been on the rise, the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried patner has substantially fallen since 1990.
H In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent(s), and this is especially true of young men. Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18-to-34-year-old men were employed. Similarly with earnings, young men’s wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory (轨迹) since 1970 and fell significantly form 2000 to 2010. As wages have fallen ,the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen.
I economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly likely to live at home. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to afford to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marriage—which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men—may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.
J The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated with an increase in young adults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weather the economic storm.
K Beyond gender, young adult’s living arrangements differ considerable by education—which is tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelor’s degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36% of 18-to 34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelor’s degree were living with their parent(s) while 27% were living with a spouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.
36.Unemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed.
37.In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts.
38.The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three decades or so.
39.Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parents’ home.
40.Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.
41.Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women.
42.More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage.
43.The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades.
44.The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents.
45.One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that get married late or stay single all their lives.
答案解析：
36 H根据文章H段，“Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job”，可知有工作的年轻男性比没有工作的年轻男性更不可能住在家里，反之，失业的年轻男性比有工作的更可能和父母住。所以选H。
37 E根据文章E段，2014年，35%的年轻男性住在父母家，而只有29%的年轻女性住在父母家，可知2014年18至34岁的男性与父母同住的比例高于女性。所以选E。
38 G根据文章G段，“the overall share of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since 1990”，可知自1990年以来，已婚或与伴侣同居的年轻人总数大幅下降。所以选G。
39. Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parents’ home.
答案：B根据文章B段，“...around 1960... only one-in-five were living with their parents”，可知在1960年(即20世纪中叶)，只有五分之一(20%)的年轻人与父母同住。所以选B。
40. K根据文章K段，“Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households”，可知拥有大学学位的年轻人在劳动力市场上表现更好，这反过来使他们更容易建立自己的家庭，即独立于父母生活。所以选K。
41. F根据文章F段，“This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children”，可知女性比男性更有可能成为与孩子同住的单亲家长，这意味着男性成为单亲家长的可能性更小。所以选F。
42. I根据文章I段，“For women, delayed marriage... may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home”，可知对于女性来说，晚婚可以解释为什么更多女性与父母同住的比例在增加。所以选I。
43. H根据文章H段，“As wages have fallen, the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen”，可知随着工资下降，与父母同住的年轻男性比例上升了。所以选H。
44. J根据文章J段，“Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home”，可知在经济衰退后，大学入学率扩大，增加了与父母同住的年轻人的数量。所以选J。
45. G根据文章G段，“The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage... a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether”，可知年轻人与父母同住的首要原因是推迟甚至放弃婚姻，越来越多的年轻人可能根本不结婚。所以选G。
