Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Ancient Greek Wisdom Inspires Guidelines to Good Life
A.Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars, terrorism, economic crises and a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases? The answer is yes, according to a new book The 10 Golden Rules."Ancient Wisdom from the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life.The book is co-authored by Long island University's philosophy professor Michael Soupios and economics professor Panos Mourdoukoutas.
B.The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios.The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago.“There is no expiration(失效) date on wisdom.”he says.“There is no shelf life on intelligence.I think that things have become very gloomy these days, lots of misunderstanding, misleading cues, a lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry(诡辩).The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today.”
Examine your life
C.Soupios, along with his co—author Panos Mourdoukoutas, developed their 10 golden rules by turning to the men behind that philosophy—Aristotle, Socrates, Epictetus and Pythagoras, among others.The first rule—examine your life—is the common thread that runs through the entire book.Soupios says that it is based on Plato's observation that the unexamined life is not worth living.“The Greeks are always concerned about boxing themselves in, in terms of convictions(信念), ”he says.“So take a step back, switch off the automatic pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities, our values, and our relationships.”
Stop worrying about what you can not control
D.As we begin to examine our life, Soupios says, we come to Rule No.2：Worry only about things that you can control.“The individual who promoted this idea was a Stoic philosopher.His name is Epictetus, ”he says.“And what the Stoics say in general is simply this：There is a larger plan in life.You are not really going to be able to understand all of the dimensions of this plan.You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan.”
E.So, Soupios explains, it is not worth it to waste our physical, intellectual and spiritual energy worrying about things that are beyond our control.“I can not control whether or not l wind up getting the disease swine flu, for example, ”he says.“I mean, there are some cautious steps I can take, but ultimately I can not guarantee myself that.So what Epictetus would say is sitting at home worrying about that would be wrong and wasteful and irrational.You should live your life attempting to identify and control those things which you can genuinely control.''
Seek true pleasure
F.To have a meaningful, happy life we need friends.But according to Aristotle—a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great—most relationships don't qualify as true friendships.“Just because I have a business relationship with an individual.In our pursuit of the good life, he says, it is important to seek out true pleasures—advice which was originally offered by Epicurus.But unlike the modem definition of Epicureanism as a life of indulgence (放纵)and luxury,for the ancient Greeks, it meant finding a state of calm, peace and mental ease. dual and I can profit from that relationship.it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend, ”Soupios says.“Real friendship is when two individuals share the same soul.It is a beautiful and uncharacteristically poetic image that Aristotle offers.”
H.“This was the highest and most desirable form of pleasure and happiness for the ancient Epicureans, ” Soupios says.“This is something that is very much well worth considering here in the modem era.I do not think that we spend nearly enough time trying to concentrate on achieving a sort of calmness, a sort of contentment in a mental and spiritual way,which was identified by these people as the highest form of happiness and pleasure.”
Do good to others
I. Other golden rules counsel us to master ourselves, to avoid excess and not to be a prosperous(发迹的) fool.There are also rules dealing with interpersonal relationships：Be a responsible human being and do not do evil things to others.
J.“This is Hesiod, of course, a younger contemporary poet, we believe, with Homer,”Soupios says.“Hesiod offers an idea—which you very often find in some of the world's great religions。in the Judeo—Christian tradition and in Islam and others——that in some sense、when you hurt another human being, you hurt yourself.That damaging other people in your community and in your life, trashing relationships, results in a kind of self-inflicted(自己招致的)spiritual wound.”
K.Instead, Soupios says, ancient wisdom urges us to do good.Golden Rule No.10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded.
L.“This is Aesop, the fabulist(寓言家), the man of these charming little tales, often told in terms of animals and animal relationships.”he says.“I think what Aesop was suggesting is that when you offer a good rum to another human being, one can hope that that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you, the doer of the good deed.Even if there is no concrete benefit paid in response to your good deed, at the very least, the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritually enlightened moment, ”
M.Soupios says following the 10 Golden Rules based on ancient wisdom can guide us to the path of the good life where we stop living as onlookers and become engaged and happier human beings.And that, he notes, is a life worth living.
36.According to an ancient Greek philosopher,it is impossible for us to understand every aspect of our life.
37.Ancient philosophers saw life in a different light from people of today.
38.Not all your business partners are your soul mates.
39.We can live a peaceful life despite the various challenges of the modem world.
40.The doer of a good deed can feel spiritually rewarded even when they gain no concrete benefits.
41.How to achieve mental calmness and contentment is well worth our consideration today.
42.Michael Soupios suggests that we should stop and think carefully about our priorities in life.
43.Ancient philosophers strongly advise that we do good.
44.The wise teachings of ancient Greek thinkers are timeless, and are applicable to contemporary life.
45.Do harm to others and you do harm to yourself.
答案解析：
36.D 根据原文“There is a larger plan in life. You are not really going to be able to understand all of the dimensions of this plan.”可知，我们不可能理解生活计划的每一方面，也就是不可能理解生活的每个方面，该信息出自D段，所以选D。
37.B 根据原文“The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole, in a way that we tend not to see life today.”可知，古希腊哲学家看待生活的方式和今天的人不同，该信息出自B段，所以选B。
38.F 根据原文“Just because I have a business relationship with an individual...it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend”可知，不是所有商业伙伴都是灵魂伴侣，该信息出自F段，所以选F。
39.A 根据原文“Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties...The answer is yes”可知，尽管现代世界有各种挑战，我们仍能过平静生活，该信息出自A段，所以选A。
40.L 根据原文“Even if there is no concrete benefit paid in response to your good deed, at the very least, the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritually enlightened moment”可知，做好事即使没有具体好处，做的人也能在精神上得到回报，该信息出自L段，所以选L。
41.H 根据原文“This is something that is very much well worth considering here in the modem era. I do not think that we spend nearly enough time trying to concentrate on achieving a sort of calmness, a sort of contentment in a mental and spiritual way”可知，如今如何实现精神平静和满足值得我们考虑，该信息出自H段，所以选H。
42.C 根据原文“So take a step back, switch off the automatic pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities”可知，Michael Soupios建议我们停下来认真思考生活中的优先事项，该信息出自C段，所以选C。
43.K 根据原文“ancient wisdom urges us to do good”可知，古代哲学家强烈建议我们做好事，该信息出自K段，所以选K。
44.B 根据原文“The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago.”可知，古希腊思想家的智慧是永恒的，适用于当代生活，该信息出自B段，所以选B。
45.J 根据原文“when you hurt another human being, you hurt yourself”可知，伤害别人就是伤害自己，该信息出自J段，所以选J。
