Shoup的用法

Initially the application of hybrid cryptography is limited to areas from the implementation of efficiency considerations. Until 2000 Cramer and Shoup proposed a KEM-DEM model for hybrid encryption. Since then hybrid cryptography became a general solution to IND-CCA secure and practical public key cryptosystem.

最初混合密码体制的使用仅限于从执行效率方面进行考虑，直到2000年Cramer和Shoup提出了KEM-DEM结构的混合加密体制，使得混合密码体制成为一种解决IND-CCA安全而且实际的公钥密码体制。

In 2000 Cramer and Shoup [ 1] presented a signature scheme which is secure against adaptive chosen-message attack under the strong RSA assumption and which does not rely on the random oracle model.

2000年Cramer和Shoup[1]提出了一个不依赖于随机预言机模型的数字签名方案，该方案在强RSA假设下可以安全的抵御适应性选择消息攻击。

Shoup's scheme was improved, and a verifiable threshold RSA signature scheme with verifiable secret sharing was presented.

改进了Shoup的方案，并使用可验证秘密共享技术提出了一种可验证的门限RSA签名方案。